How many US states have legalized plug-in (balcony) solar?

As of June 18, 2026, 7 states have signed plug-in solar into law (Utah, Maine, Virginia, Colorado, Maryland, Connecticut, and New Hampshire). 2 more have passed bills awaiting a governor's signature, and 16 have active bills moving through their legislatures.

Is plug-in solar legal in my state if there is no specific law?

Where no plug-in-specific law exists, standard utility interconnection rules and the National Electrical Code still apply. Many people use small systems anyway, but you should check your utility’s rules and use UL-listed equipment on a GFCI-protected dedicated circuit.

What size plug-in solar system do these laws allow?

Most enacted laws cap qualifying systems around 1,200W of AC output (Colorado goes up to 1,920W). Larger systems generally fall back to standard solar interconnection requirements.

Is plug-in (balcony) solar legal in your state?

Plug-in solar lets you hang one or two panels on a railing and plug them into a normal outlet, no roof or installer required. A wave of 2025–2026 state laws is making it explicitly legal. Here is where every US state stands, updated June 18, 2026.

Signed into law

Awaiting governor

Bill in progress

No law yet

Plug-in solar legality map

Every US state colored by where its plug-in solar law stands. Hover or tap a state for details, or click through for the full rules and savings estimate.

Legal now Awaiting governor Bill in progress No law yet

Hover or tap any state to see where it stands.

AL AK AZ AR CA CO CT DE DC FL GA HI ID IL IN IA KS KY LA ME MD MA MI MN MS MO MT NE NV NH NJ NM NY NC ND OH OK OR PA RI SC SD TN TX UT VT VA WA WV WI WY

Legal now (7 states)

These states have signed plug-in solar into law.

State	Bill	Max size	Status / effective
Colorado	HB 26-1007	1,920W	Signed by Gov. Polis on May 7, 2026 (4th state). Rules take effect January 1, 2027.
Connecticut	HB 5340	1,200W	Signed by Gov. Lamont on May 20, 2026 as Public Act 26-127 (6th state). Effective October 1, 2026.
Maine	LD 1730	1,200W	Signed by Gov. Mills on April 6, 2026 (2nd state).
Maryland	HB 1532	1,200W	Signed by Gov. Moore on May 12, 2026 as Chapter 353 (5th state). Effective immediately.
New Hampshire	SB 540	1,200W	Signed by Gov. Ayotte on May 28, 2026 as Chapter 89 (7th state). Effective July 27, 2026.
Utah	HB 340	1,200W	Signed by Gov. Cox in March 2025 — the first US state to legalize plug-in solar.
Virginia	HB 395	1,200W	Signed by Gov. Spanberger on April 22, 2026 as Chapter 1052 (3rd state). Most provisions effective July 1, 2026.

Coming soon (18 states)

Bills that have passed or are still moving through the legislature.

State	Status	Where it stands
New York	Passed — awaiting governor	SUNNY Act (A9111C / S8512C). Passed both chambers May 28, 2026; on Gov. Hochul’s desk awaiting signature.
Vermont	Passed — awaiting governor	S. 202. Passed both chambers; on Gov. Scott’s desk. Effective July 1, 2026 if signed.
Alaska	Bill in progress	Bill introduced in House committee (2026 session).
California	Bill in progress	SB 868. Passed the Senate 35–1; cleared Assembly Utilities & Energy June 10, 2026. Assembly deadline Aug 31, 2026.
District of Columbia	Bill in progress	B26-0602. In the DC Council’s Committee on Transportation and the Environment.
Hawaii	Bill in progress	SB 2902. Passed the Senate; advancing through House committees (2026).
Idaho	Bill in progress	Bill in House committee (2026 session).
Illinois	Bill in progress	SB 3104. Passed the Senate Energy Committee 9–4; on the calendar for a floor vote. Companion bills HB 4371 / HB 4516 also advancing.
Iowa	Bill in progress	Bill in House committee (2026 session).
Massachusetts	Bill in progress	H 4744. Passed the House; in the Senate (2026).
Michigan	Bill in progress	Bill introduced, awaiting committee hearing (2026).
Minnesota	Bill in progress	Bill introduced, awaiting committee hearing (2026).
New Jersey	Bill in progress	S 2368. Passed the Senate 38–0 — the strongest Senate vote of any 2026 plug-in solar bill; now in the Assembly.
Ohio	Bill in progress	Bill introduced, awaiting committee hearing (2026).
Oklahoma	Bill in progress	HB 4060. Passed the House Utilities Committee 8–0 with bipartisan support; now in the Senate.
Pennsylvania	Bill in progress	Bill in House committee (2026 session).
Rhode Island	Bill in progress	S 2658. Held for further study in April 2026; sponsors plan to reintroduce in 2027.
South Carolina	Bill in progress	Bill in House committee (2026 session).

No plug-in-specific law yet (26 states)

No dedicated law here yet. Standard utility interconnection rules and the National Electrical Code still apply — tap a state for what that means for you.

General guidance, not legal advice. Plug-in solar law is changing quickly; statuses reflect our reading of state legislature records and reporting as of June 18, 2026. Always confirm the current rule with your state legislature and utility before installing, and use UL-listed equipment on a GFCI-protected dedicated circuit.